Death of a loved one is a difficult and stressful time. Between grieving, making funeral arrangements and sorting through stacks of paperwork, dividing your loved one's assets can be a long and confusing process. When it comes to inherited jewellery, you may be asking yourself: who gets what? How should it be distributed and how can you value the individual items of jewellery? Importance of a Will Firstly, your personal gold and jewellery must be included in a Will, this will ensure that these items are bequeathed to the intended beneficiaries. This can be included by doing the following: Detailed Description : Clearly describe each item of gold and jewellery in the Will. Include details such as type, size, weight, and any distinguishing features, or even marks. This will likely minimise confusion and disputes among beneficiaries. Specific Bequests : Specify exactly who should receive each item. You can name individual beneficiaries for specific pieces or groups of items. For example, "I leave my gold necklace to my daughter, [Name]." Residuary Clause : Include a residuary clause to cover any items not specifically mentioned. This ensures that any gold or jewellery not explicitly listed will still be distributed according to your wishes. Appraisal and Valuation : Consider having the items appraised to determine their value. This can be useful for equitable distribution among beneficiaries and for estate tax purposes. Storage and Security : Indicate where the items are stored and how they can be accessed. The reality is that you cannot distribute jewellery equally amongst several beneficiaries as it would involve cutting each piece of jewellery into several pieces in order for it to be "equal". Therefore, the more prudent approach is to specify the jewellery e.g. bracelet to son, diamond necklace to daughter, wedding rings to second daughter and everything else to sister. If you do not have a Will in place, then your gold and jewellery, along with any additional personal possessions will be distributed via the rules of intestacy which could risk your belongings being distributed against your wishes. Here is a link to a government website that explains the rules of intestacy: https://www.gov.uk/inherits-someone-dies-without-will . However, you may also like to be more flexible, as you acquire further pieces, or your family grows and expands. For instance, you may wish to pass some of your jewellery to your grandchildren. Therefore, making a letter of wishes may offer some flexibility when bequeathing specific pieces of jewellery. What is a Letter of Wishes? A letter of wishes is a document that accompanies a Will, providing guidance to the executors or trustees on how the testator would like their estate to be managed and distributed. While it is not legally binding, it serves as an informal way to express personal preferences and intentions that are not covered in the Will. Here are some key aspects of a letter of wishes: Purpose : It offers additional context and instructions to the executors or trustees, helping them understand the testator's personal wishes regarding the distribution of personal possessions, such as watches or gold and jewellery. Flexibility : Unlike a Will, a letter of wishes can be updated or changed without the need for formal legal procedures, making it a flexible tool for expressing changing preferences. Confidentiality : It is usually kept private and is not part of the public probate process, allowing the testator to express personal thoughts and wishes without making them public. One of the benefits for a Letter of Wishes is that you can update it during your lifetime, without the requirement to pay a professional to update your formal Will. Therefore, your jewellery, and other personal possessions can be bequeathed correctly to your children, grandchildren, and other family members as your circumstances change. Please access our downloadable free gold and jewellery log: view here Should you Value the jewellery? It is crucial to accurately value jewellery during probate, in order to ensure the correct tax calculation is provided. Please see the government link below for further information on valuing a deceased’s estate: How to value an estate for Inheritance Tax and report its value: Estimate the estate’s value - GOV.UK . During the probate process, jewellery is classed as a “chattel”, which refers to a personal possession or movable property. Chattels can encompass a wide range of items, such as furniture, vehicles, jewellery, and other personal belongings. It is the duty of an executor to ensure proper records are kept of a deceased’s chattels, which will thereafter be distributed according to their Will and Letter of Wishes. The executor should obtain approval from all the beneficiaries before disposing of any of the jewellery in case it has sentimental value for some of the beneficiaries. It is also important for the executor to obtain professional valuations of the jewellery to ensure compliance with HMRC guidelines. You may be at risk of HM Revenue & Customs imposing penalties if assets are valued inaccurately. Here are the general categories of penalties imposed by the HMRC: Careless Inaccuracy : If the inaccuracy is due to carelessness, the penalty can range from 0% to 30% of the additional tax due. Carelessness implies a lack of reasonable care in preparing the tax return. Deliberate Inaccuracy : If the inaccuracy is deliberate, the penalty can range from 20% to 70% of the additional tax due. This applies when the taxpayer knowingly submits incorrect information. Deliberate and Concealed Inaccuracy : If the inaccuracy is both deliberate and concealed, the penalty can range from 30% to 100% of the additional tax due. Concealment involves taking steps to hide the inaccuracy from HMRC. Please see link to HMRC Inheritance Tax Manual for further information: IHTM36023 - Late accounts: penalties chargeable - HMRC internal manual - GOV.UK Therefore, it may be prudent for the executor to contact an experienced jeweller and obtain expert appraisal. Obtaining Valuation for a Will It is recommended that you should obtain expert valuations on your gold when you write your Will. Here are some reasons why this is beneficial: Accurate Distribution : Valuation ensures that the jewellery is distributed fairly among beneficiaries. Knowing the precise value helps in making equitable decisions, especially if the estate is to be divided equally. Avoiding Disputes : Clear valuation can prevent disputes among beneficiaries over the worth of specific items, therefore, preserving the family harmony. It provides a transparent basis for distribution decisions. Clarity in Will : Including the value of jewellery in the Will provides clarity and reduces ambiguity, ensuring that the testator's intentions are clearly understood and executed. Tax Purposes : An accurate valuation is essential for calculating any potential inheritance tax liabilities. This helps in ensuring compliance with tax regulations and avoiding disputes with tax authorities. Insurance : Knowing the value of jewellery can assist in obtaining appropriate insurance coverage, protecting the items from loss, theft, or damage. Updating Values : Jewellery values can change over time due to market fluctuations. Regular valuations ensure that the Will reflects the current value of the items. If you decide not to value your jewellery when make your will then at the very least, you should ensure that each piece is described accurately and that it is bequeathed to specific named beneficiaries. Can family disputes arise about jewellery distribution under a will? Sometimes, who gets what from a parent’s estate can become a source of friction and resentment, especially if a family member feels they had been “promised” a particular item or keepsake. The chances are that you will have personal possessions that you’d like to be handed on to your family and friends when you die. For example, you may want family jewellery to go to your daughter, a watch to a cousin, or a bracelet to be given to a close friend. If that’s the case, it makes sense to record your wishes so that your executors can ensure they are followed. Often it is the little things that cause conflict and dispute between family members, we would advise against assuming that things will simply sort themselves out when the time comes. At Ash Hill Solicitors when we draft your bespoke will we insert clauses to prevent dispute from arising in your family. We encourage you to have open communication with your family before making your will. Although it might be a difficult conversation to have, there are clear merits to having an open discussion with other family members. Deciding as a family what should happen to personal possessions can help prevent future disputes. Our advice is to have a ‘Letter of Wishes’ drawn up to be read alongside the Will. Arguably it is not appropriate for such (often quite personal) detail surrounding who should get what and why to be included within the Will itself, bearing in mind this is a document of public record once probate has been granted. A Letter of Wishes provides an explanation for your beneficiaries to read and hopefully prevent conflict arising. When dealing with collections of things such as jewellery or memorabilia, it can make sense to keep a photograph together with a brief description, so that each piece can be clearly identified by your Executor when the time comes. Cluttering a Will with details surrounding personal possessions and lists of particular items can also cause complications from an Inheritance Tax standpoint and is rarely a good idea. Over the years, the chances are that you’ll dispose of certain belongings and acquire new ones, which would mean you would have to consider updating your Will more often than you might feel necessary. At Ash Hill Solicitors, we provide expert advice in drafting your Will and Letter of Wishes based on your personal circumstances. Deathbed Gift If a gift has been given by a person in anticipation of their impending death, certain conditions need to be satisfied. You can read more about deathbed gifts on our blog post: What is a Death Bed Gift? Contact us  Call us today so that we can assist you in securing your jewellery: 02085152790 or visit our website for further information - https://www.ashhillsolicitors.co.uk/ .

A deathbed gift is one made by a person in anticipation of their impending death. The principle of deathbed gifts (in legal terms known as ‘donatio mortis causa’) is long enshrined in law. It is important to be aware that for a deathbed gift to be valid, certain conditions must be satisfied.  Death bed gifts are open to abuse by the dishonest persons present at the time of donors death. They can also be very difficult to determine and are often open to challenge.